East Jerusalem, encompassing the Old City and surrounding areas, was captured by Jordan during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and remained under Jordanian control until 1967.

The geographic landscape of East Jerusalem is characterized by rolling hills, valleys, and the Kidron Valley, contributing to its strategic and historical significance.

Demographically, East Jerusalem is predominantly Palestinian, with a growing Jewish population primarily residing in settlements established after 1967.

The economy of East Jerusalem is largely dependent on small businesses, tourism, and employment in the public sector, although restricted development limits its potential.

Culturally, East Jerusalem is a rich tapestry of Palestinian traditions, including Arabic language, Islamic art, culinary practices, and unique social customs.

The Old City of Jerusalem, located in East Jerusalem, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1981, recognized for its immense historical, religious, and cultural value.

Key landmarks in East Jerusalem include the Dome of the Rock, the Al-Aqsa Mosque, the Western Wall, and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, representing diverse religious and historical narratives.

After the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel annexed East Jerusalem, a move that is not recognized internationally, and has since implemented policies to integrate it into the Israeli municipality.

The Palestinian residents of East Jerusalem generally hold "permanent residency" status rather than citizenship, leading to legal and social challenges.

Major industries in East Jerusalem include tourism, religious pilgrimage, and the production of traditional crafts and souvenirs for visitors.

Population growth in East Jerusalem is driven by natural increase among the Palestinian population and continued expansion of Israeli settlements.

The Muslim festivals of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha are celebrated with great fervor in East Jerusalem, marked by communal prayers, feasts, and family gatherings.

East Jerusalem plays a central role in Palestinian national identity and aspirations, serving as a symbolic capital for a future Palestinian state.

Educational institutions in East Jerusalem, such as Al-Quds University, contribute to intellectual discourse and Palestinian cultural preservation.

The status of East Jerusalem remains a core issue in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, with ongoing disputes over sovereignty, residency rights, and access to religious sites.