Greenville is a historic inland town in Piscataquis County, Maine, USA, founded in 1831 as the plantation No. 2, Second Range, BKP (East), East of Penobscot River, known as "Number Two".

The town played a vital role during the American Civil War as a supplier of high-quality timber for shipbuilding and other military purposes.

Greenville is situated on the southern shore of Moosehead Lake, the largest lake in Maine and one of the largest freshwater lakes in the United States.

With a total area of 55.05 square miles, Greenville has a land area of 43.41 square miles and a water area of 11.64 square miles, primarily encompassing Moosehead Lake.

According to the 2020 United States Census, Greenville's population was 1,566, with a population density of 36.1 people per square mile.

Forestry, tourism, and recreation are the primary industries driving Greenville's economy, with a significant focus on hunting, fishing, boating, and outdoor activities.

Greenville is home to the historic Squaw Mountain Ski Resort, Maine's oldest continuously operating ski resort.

The town hosts the annual Greenville Winterfest, a month-long celebration featuring ice fishing, snowmobiling, and other winter activities.

Greenville is located in Maine's Second Congressional District and has a long history of political engagement, actively participating in local and national elections.

The town's rich cultural heritage is showcased through its historical landmarks, including the Greenville Union Meeting House, built in 1832, and the Greenville Historical Society Museum.

Greenville Academy, established in 1840, serves the educational needs of the community from pre-kindergarten through high school.

The Appalachian Trail, a renowned long-distance hiking trail, passes through Greenville, offering opportunities for outdoor enthusiasts.

Greenville is not home to any UNESCO heritage sites or famous festivals but actively participates in regional events and festivals.

Despite its modest population, Greenville has a strong sense of community, with residents actively involved in local organizations and events.

Greenville's role in national history is primarily related to its contributions during the Civil War and its ongoing role in the forestry and tourism industries.