Ágios Stéfanos, situated in northeastern Attica, has been inhabited since ancient times, evidenced by archaeological finds suggesting the presence of settlements dating back to the Classical period.

The area's historical significance grew during the Byzantine era, primarily as a rural agricultural region supporting the burgeoning city of Athens.

Its name, Ágios Stéfanos, translates to Saint Stephen, likely derived from a prominent Byzantine-era church dedicated to the first Christian martyr.

Geographically, Ágios Stéfanos is characterized by a blend of plains and low hills, benefiting from a relatively fertile soil suitable for farming and grazing.

The town experienced significant population growth in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, driven by its proximity to Athens and improved transportation infrastructure.

Demographically, Ágios Stéfanos reflects a mix of native Athenians and individuals migrating from other regions of Greece seeking a more suburban lifestyle.

Economically, the town has transitioned from primarily agricultural to include light industry, commercial businesses, and services catering to the local community.

A notable economic sector is marble quarrying, as the surrounding Penteli mountain range is renowned for its high-quality marble, which was used in the construction of the Acropolis.

The region's agricultural production traditionally included olives, grapes, and various fruits and vegetables, contributing to the local economy and culinary traditions.

Culturally, Ágios Stéfanos retains a strong connection to its agricultural roots, reflected in local festivals and celebrations centered around harvests and religious observances.

The annual feast day of Saint Stephen on December 27th is a major religious and cultural event, drawing people from surrounding areas for religious services and festivities.

The church of Ágios Stéfanos itself, a prominent landmark, showcases Byzantine architectural elements and serves as a focal point for the community's religious life.

Although not directly adjacent to a UNESCO World Heritage Site, its proximity to Athens provides easy access to the Acropolis and other significant historical landmarks.

While Ágios Stéfanos itself has not played a prominent role in national politics, its residents participate in the broader political life of Attica and Greece.

Modern development in Ágios Stéfanos seeks to balance growth with the preservation of the natural environment and the town's unique cultural identity.