Taxco el Viejo, often simply called Taxco, is a city and municipality in the state of Guerrero, Mexico, renowned for its rich silver mining history dating back to pre-Hispanic times.

The original settlement of Taxco was founded by the Tlahuica people, part of the Nahua civilization, who were later conquered by the Aztecs in the 15th century, establishing it as a tribute-paying province.

The Spanish colonial period saw a surge in silver mining in Taxco, particularly after Hernán Cortés recognized its potential and initiated mining operations in the 1520s.

José de la Borda, a French miner, significantly shaped Taxco's architectural landscape during the 18th century through his substantial silver wealth, funding the construction of numerous Baroque-style buildings.

Taxco's geography is characterized by its mountainous terrain in the Sierra Madre del Sur, which presents both challenges and opportunities for its urban development and mining activities.

The city's demographics reflect a population that has steadily grown over the centuries, with a significant portion still identifying with indigenous heritage and traditions.

Silver mining and tourism constitute the backbone of Taxco's economy, attracting visitors worldwide with its colonial architecture, silver workshops, and cultural ambiance.

Taxco's cultural identity is deeply intertwined with its artistic heritage, particularly its silversmithing, where local artisans create intricate jewelry and decorative items using traditional techniques.

The Templo de Santa Prisca, an iconic Baroque church funded by José de la Borda, stands as a prominent landmark in Taxco, showcasing exceptional architectural design and religious art.

Taxco is not formally recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, although its historical significance and colonial architecture have led to discussions and considerations for potential designation.

The Feria Nacional de la Plata (National Silver Fair) is a major annual festival in Taxco, celebrating its silversmithing tradition and attracting artisans and visitors from across Mexico and beyond.

Taxco's role in national history is primarily associated with its contribution to the Mexican economy through silver production, influencing trade and development during both the colonial and post-independence eras.

Population growth in Taxco has been influenced by both economic factors, such as booms and busts in the silver mining industry, and the increasing importance of tourism in recent decades.

Local traditions in Taxco include preserving indigenous crafts, celebrating religious holidays with vibrant processions, and maintaining a strong sense of community identity rooted in its mining heritage.

The silversmithing industry in Taxco has fostered a unique entrepreneurial spirit among its residents, with many families owning and operating small workshops that have been passed down through generations.