Loreto, founded in 1697 by Jesuit missionary Juan María de Salvatierra, served as the first permanent Spanish settlement and the original capital of Baja California, marking a crucial step in the colonization of the Californias.

The city's geographic location, nestled between the rugged Sierra de la Giganta mountains and the Sea of Cortez, provides a stunning backdrop and unique biodiversity that contributes significantly to its appeal as a tourist destination.

Loreto's population has experienced gradual growth, with a current population estimated to be around 20,000 inhabitants, a substantial increase from its early mission days, driven by tourism and real estate development.

Tourism is a cornerstone of Loreto's economy, attracting visitors with its pristine beaches, world-class sport fishing opportunities, and a laid-back atmosphere that contrasts with the larger, more bustling resorts of Baja California Sur.

The Mission Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó, the first mission in Baja California, stands as a prominent historical landmark, showcasing colonial architecture and holding immense cultural significance as the starting point of the California mission system.

Loreto is renowned for its excellent sport fishing, particularly for dorado, marlin, and tuna, drawing anglers from around the world and contributing significantly to the local economy through tourism and related services.

The Parque Nacional Bahía de Loreto, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, encompasses a vast marine area protecting five islands and a diverse range of marine life, including whales, dolphins, and sea turtles, underscoring the region's ecological importance.

The local culture in Loreto retains a strong connection to its mission past, evident in traditional celebrations, religious festivals, and the preservation of historical buildings and customs.

The founding of Loreto as the capital established a foundational administrative structure for the Californias, serving as a center for governance, resource management, and the expansion of Spanish influence throughout the region.

Loreto's economy benefits from a burgeoning real estate sector, with both domestic and international investors drawn to the area's natural beauty and tranquil lifestyle, leading to construction and development opportunities.

The Fiesta de la Virgen de Loreto, held annually in September, is a major religious and cultural event, featuring processions, traditional music, dance performances, and community celebrations honoring the town's patron saint.

The islands within the Parque Nacional Bahía de Loreto support unique ecosystems, including endemic plant and animal species, contributing to the region's biodiversity and scientific value for ecological research.

Loreto played a role in the development of agricultural practices in Baja California, with Jesuit missionaries introducing new crops and irrigation techniques that transformed the landscape and supported the growing population.

While not directly involved in major national political events, Loreto's historical significance as the first capital has cemented its place in Mexican history books and cultural identity.

Traditional crafts, such as pottery, weaving, and leatherwork, are still practiced in Loreto, representing a cultural link to the past and offering unique souvenirs for tourists seeking authentic experiences.